a)
[tex] {(40 + 1)}^{2} = 1600 + 80 + 1 = 1681[/tex]
b)
[tex] {(60 - 1)}^{2} = 3600 - 120 + 1 = 3481[/tex]
c)
[tex] {(50 + 1)}^{2} = 2500 + 100 + 1 = 2601[/tex]
d)
[tex] {(40 - 2)}^{2} = 1600 - 160 + 4 = 1444[/tex]
e)
[tex] {(60 + 2)}^{2} = 3600 + 240 + 4 = 3444[/tex]